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Ages 25+

Ages 25+
ADHD Symptoms
Assessment and Diagnosis
ADHD Treatment
ADHD and Education

Common symptoms in adults

Everyone has some of these symptoms occasionally, but those with adult ADHD have more of these symptoms consistently and to a level that is impairing their daily functioning at work, school, and home. These symptoms may be fairly consistent, vary according to the situation or fluctuate without control.

  • Fidgeting and squirming
  • Problems remaining seated
  • Talking excessively and at inappropriate times
  • Often running and climbing
  • Standing instead of sitting at the table
  • Unable to settle into a quiet activity
  • Constantly on the go
  • Frequently handling or touching objects and other people
  • Acting or reacting before considering consequences
  • Butting into conversations
  • Blurting out answers in the classroom
  • Beginning work before instructions are given
  • Disturbing others who are playing
  • Grabbing others belongings
  • Touching, grabbing hitting others
  • Problems waiting for turn or standing in line
  • Making impulsive decisions
  • Difficulty regulating, switching and prioritizing attention, including over-focusing on stimulating activities
  • Easily distracted from the task at hand by noises or things going on around them
  • Frequently looking around
  • Difficulty staying focused on one activity
  • Daydreaming
  • Not focusing on speaker when spoken to
  • Unable to remember verbal instructions
  • Misinterpreting instructions
  • Unable to pay attention to details
  • Difficulty completing work without being reminded
  • Losing things
  • Difficulty organizing belongings and work
  • Difficulty starting things
  • Forgetting normal routines
  • Inattention
  • Easily distracted
  • Incomplete work
  • Problems with getting homework done
  • Problems bringing homework and necessary books home
  • Difficulty remembering to hand work in
  • Not able to produce the same amount and/or level of school work as others
  • Need for repeated instructions
  • Misinterpreting instruction and questions on assignments or tests
  • Difficulty with handwriting
  • Difficulty understanding what is read
  • Careless errors
  • Problems paying attention to details
  • Problems with spelling and math
  • Problems with sequencing
  • Forgetting deadlines or difficulty completing work on time
  • Problems with organizing larger assignments and projects
  • Problems starting assignments
  • Frequent daydreaming and presenting as spacey
  • Excessive talking and interrupting others
  • Blurting out answers
  • Unable to sit still, constantly on the move
  • Touching, pushing and grabbing others or things impulsively
  • Interrupting others at play
  • Problems dealing with frustration
  • Tentative and unsure of trying new things and learning new skills
  • Reluctant to volunteer answers or be called upon
  • Does not make or keep friends easily
  • Unable to change focus or start and stop activities
  • Transitions or changes produce agitation or frustration

Medical professionals that may assess/diagnose (and treat) ADHD:

The most important thing to note is that the medical professional you choose must be knowledgeable about ADHD.

Who can Assess and Diagnose ADHD
Wait time
Is there a Cost
Referral from a family physician or walk in clinic
Who can Assess and Diagnose ADHD
Family Physician (with ADHD training)
Wait time
1-8 weeks
Is there a Cost
No - Covered under provincial health plan (i.e OHIP)
Referral from a family physician or walk in clinic
No
Who can Assess and Diagnose ADHD
Adult psychiatrist
Wait time
1-12 months
Is there a Cost
No - Covered under provincial health plan (i.e OHIP)
Referral from a family physician or walk in clinic
Yes
Who can Assess and Diagnose ADHD
Psychologist (with ADHD training) – Psychologists cannot prescribe medication
Wait time
2-8 weeks
Is there a Cost
Yes – workplace or private benefits may cover a portion of the cost. Fee is approximately $1,000-$4,000
Referral from a family physician or walk in clinic
No
Who can Assess and Diagnose ADHD
Neurologist (with ADHD training)
Wait time
Is there a Cost
No - Covered under provincial health plan (i.e OHIP)
Referral from a family physician or walk in clinic
Yes

Questions to ask your healthcare provider:

  • What is the current wait time?
  • Do they provide long term follow-up care?
  • Is a full screening for other potential medical disorders part of the assessment process?
  • Are there additional cost associated with the ADHD assessment

Physicians, Pediatricians, Psychiatrists, Neurologists

The assessment and diagnosis of ADHD by a medical professional is generally covered by your provincial health care plan, however, always ask if any additional fees will be charged.


The potential diagnosis of ADHD should include;

  • A medical history
  • As psychiatric medical history
  • Screening to rule out any possible physical disorders
  • Vision and hearing test

Access the Adult Self Report Scale (ASRS), an adult ADHD assessment tool, which you can complete and take to your doctor English  French

You can also access the ASRS in a variety of languages by Googling ASRS and the language that you are seeking. 

Psychologist

Psychologists may assess and diagnose ADHD, but they cannot prescribe medication. Psychologists are not covered by provincial health care plans, but may be partially covered by private health coverage. Speak to the psychologist prior to contacting your private insurance provider.

Psychoeducational assessments are different from an ADHD assessment.

Children who are struggling academically may seek a psychoeducational assessment to assess whether any coexisting learning disabilities (LDs) may exist along with ADHD. A complete assessment of a child’s learning strengths and needs is essential for a student who continues to be impaired at school. Psycho-educational assessments cost approximately $2,000-$4,000


Important Things to Know About the Health Care Professional that you choose:

  • Their expertise in the area of ADHD
  • Their accreditation and registration (pertinent to a psychologist’s ability to diagnosis)
  • What is the current wait time?
  • Do they provide long term follow-up care?
  • Is a full screening for other potential medical disorders part of the assessment process?

For more information about ADHD assessments please contact our Resource Navigator at info@caddac.ca

Treatment of ADHD in Adults

ADHD should be treated using a “multimodal‘ approach”. Simply put, this means using more than one type of treatment to manage ADHD symptoms. Examples of ADHD treatments are listed below

Educating parents, individuals, and any other adults who routinely interact with the child about ADHD is the first and most important component of an ADHD treatment plan. Studies have shown that providing education on ADHD greatly increases the chance that treatment will continue long term..  

For a list of CADDAC programs please access the pages below

Webinars page
Conference and workshop page
Parenting programs

Many adults with ADHD perform their jobs extremely well and find that some of their ADHD traits: high energy, problem solving, creativity, and being able to hyper-focus, are significant benefits in their chosen career. However, for other adults with ADHD at least some of their ADHD symptoms will cause difficulties in the workplace.

For more for resources on workplace issues, please refer to our Workplace page

Going back to school as an adult with ADHD can be challenging. The impairment in planning, organization, and time management are often the reason that difficulties arise. Assignments can pile up, instructions can be misinterpreted, due dates, missed or forgotten, all which can trigger stress and anxiety. Therefore it is important to seek classroom accommodations if considering going back to school

For more resources please visit our In Education section of our website.

Post secondary accommodation chart

For accommodations in the Post-Secondary Environment please access this document

Download PDF

Cognitive Behaviour Therapy is a form of therapy that focuses on emotion regulation, maladaptive behaviour, and cognitive processes that are impairing to daily functioning. CBT has shown to be beneficial for individuals with ADHD

To read more about Cognitive Behaviour Therapy and how it can help adults with ADHD refer to the article Research: Cognitive Behaviour Therapy Helps Adults with ADHD by Dr. David Rabiner

For a list of psychological clinics in Canada please refer to our Resource map

ADHD coaching addresses the academic, vocational, emotional, and interpersonal life difficulties that are a result of the core ADHD symptoms and tries to help individuals find a way to overcome these challenges.

To see a list of ADHD coaches in Canada please refer to our Resource map

To see CADDAC’s ADHD coaching programs please refer to our ADHD Group Coaching Programs.

Research is finding that getting regular exercise can improve cognitive functioning and may improve ADHD symptoms. Exercise produces several hormones that can benefit brain functioning and help improve focus.

http://add.about.com/od/treatmentoptions/a/ratey.htm
http://www.everydayhealth.com/add-adhd/can-you-exercise-away-adhd-symptoms.aspx

Mindfulness can assist with better awareness of attention, manage stress, be less reactive to impulsive thoughts and be less judgmental of ADHD symptoms.

http://www.psychologytoday.com/blog/here-there-and-everywhere/201206/adhd-mindfulness-interview-lidia-zylowska-md

Sleep is essential for healthy development in adolescents and young adults. Healthy sleep contributes to important functions of development, some of which include academics, learning and memory, growth, mood, and attention. Sleep problems are common in young people with Attention-Deficient/Hyperactive Disorder (ADHD), where ~75% report experiencing sleep problems.

Document

ADHD and Sleep

How the COVID-19 Crisis changed sleep: implcations for Adults with ADHD

Download PDF

In uncomplicated cases of ADHD, medication management is fairly straight forward and effective with minimal side effects. ADHD medication has been around for more than fifty years and there are thousands of published research papers on their safety and efficacy. There are two types of medications used to manage ADHD medication. For more information on medication please speak with a medical professional

  1. Stimulant medication.
  2. Non-stimulant medication

Please refer to the charts below for information on specific medications

School

Going back to school as an adult with ADHD can be challenging. The impairment in planning, organization, and time management are often the reason that difficulties arise. Assignments can pile up, instructions can be misinterpreted, due dates, missed or forgotten, all which can trigger stress and anxiety. That is why it is important for all students with ADHD, regardless of age, seek accommodations before the school year begins. Below you will find resources to help you be successful in your studies.

Classroom Accommodations in Post-secondary 

For a detailed list of classroom accommodations in post-secondary please access this document

Download PDF
Instructions on how to use this chart

for instructions on how to use the accommodations chart please access this document

Download PDF

Additional Resources

Documentation required for accommodations at select colleges and universities across Canada

To understand what documentation is required to access accommodations at select college and univerity please access this document

Download PDF
Understanding ADHD as a Disability in the Post-Secondary Environment

CADDAC wrote a policy paper on ADHD in the post-secondary enviorment, to access please download this document

Download PDF
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